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const string1 = 'AYUKB17053UI903TBC';
const string2  = 'ABKUY01357IU039BCT';

function sortPieces(str) {
    const piecesArray = [];
    let lastPiece = [];
    let lastType;
    for (const char of str) {
        let nextType = (char >= "0" && char <= "9") ? "number" : "letter";
        if (nextType === lastType || !lastType) {
            // either same type as previous char or first char in string
            lastPiece.push(char);
        } else {
            // different type of char than previous char, start a new piece
            piecesArray.push(lastPiece.sort());
            lastPiece = [char];
        }
        lastType = nextType;
    }
    piecesArray.push(lastPiece.sort());
    return piecesArray.flat().join("");    
}

let result = sortPieces(string1) 
console.log(result === string2, result);