After completing an introduction to Python tutorial, I wanted to put my basic knowledge of control flow and data structures to use, and felt this was a great choice for my first program.
I created the below to run in Jupyter Notebook / Visual Studio Code terminal. It behaves like an over-the-board version, based on colours and pins.
Without experience of how to structure code I found myself putting everything into functions and used functions within functions, rightly or wrongly, leaving only a small amount of what I've called 'main game code'. Feedback on how I should structure properly, or resources to that effect would be greatly appreciated.
I used no guides nor copied online code, so the code is a bit bloated, I imagine, as a first attempt. I've tried to make it a bit more user friendly running in the terminal so there are a lot of input validations and line spaces as I wanted to actually play this with my housemate and it not be a horrible experience.
Summary of the rules
2 players, playing at least 2 games, each getting a chance to be the codemaker and codebreaker.
Two game modes: Beginner or Mastermind. The latter allows the codemaker to use colours more than once.
Three difficulty settings: Easy, Medium or Hard. The difficulty determines the number of guesses the codebreaker gets.
Points earned, and tallied across all games, by the player acting as codemaker for each guess the codebreaker makes, with a bonus point if the codebreaker fails entirely.
def getPlayers():
player1 = input("Player 1, you will start as the Codemaker. What is your name? ")
print("Player 1 is",player1,"and will start as the Codemaker")
print()
player2 = input("Player 2, you will start as the Codebreaker. What is your name? ")
print("Player 2 is",player2,"and will start as the Codebreaker")
return player1, player2
def checkUserInput(userInput):
try:
int(userInput)
return int
except (ValueError, TypeError):
try:
float(userInput)
return float
except (ValueError, TypeError):
return str
def getNumberOfGames():
while True:
numGames = input("How many games do you want to play? Min 2, Max 8. Remember, an even number of games must be played!")
userInputType = checkUserInput(numGames)
if userInputType == int:
if int(numGames) in range(2,9,2):
print()
print("You will be playing",numGames,"games")
print("----")
return numGames
break
else:
print("Your entry is incorrect, please try again")
def getMode():
D = {"B":"Beginner","M":"Mastermind"}
D2 = {"B":"the Codemaker cannot use the same colour more than once","M":"the Codemaker can use colours more than once"}
print("----")
print("Select game mode: Enter 'B' for Beginner, or, 'M' for Mastermind")
print()
while True:
mode = str.capitalize(input())
if mode in ("B","M"): #alternative way to write if mode == "B" or mode == "M"
print("You have selected",D[mode],"mode! In",D[mode],"mode",D2[mode])
print("----")
break
else:
print(mode,"is not a valid game mode, please select a game mode")
print()
return mode
def getDifficulty():
D = {"E":"Easy","M":"Medium","H":"Hard"}
D2 = {"E":12,"M":10,"H":8}
print("Select game mode: Enter 'E', 'M' or 'H' for Easy, Medium or Hard")
print()
while True:
difficulty = str.capitalize(input())
if difficulty in ("E","M","H"):
print("You have selected",D[difficulty],"difficulty! The Codebreaker will get",D2[difficulty],"chances to crack the code!")
print("----")
break
else:
print(difficulty,"is not a valid option, please select a difficulty")
print()
return difficulty, D2[difficulty]
def duplicateColours(L):
for x in L:
if L.count(x) > 1:
return True
break
else:
pass
return False
def getNewCode(mode):
D = {'W':'White','R':'Red','B':'Blue','Y':'Yellow','P':'Purple','O':'Orange','G':'Green','S':'Silver'}
L = []
print("Quickly, Codemaker! Enter a new 4 colour code to stop the Codebreaker from breaking into the vault!")
print("""
Select from the 8 available colours by typing the first letter of the colour:
White -- Enter 'W'
Red -- Enter 'R'
Blue -- Enter 'B'
Yellow -- Enter 'Y'
Purple -- Enter 'P'
Orange -- Enter 'O'
Green -- Enter 'G'
Silver -- Enter 'S'
"""
)
for cbsi in range (1,5):
while True:
print('Enter colour',cbsi)
inputColour = str.capitalize(input())
if D.get(inputColour) is None:
print("Codemaker, colour,'",inputColour,"'is not available, please select colour",cbsi,"again")
print()
else:
L.append(inputColour)
if mode == "B":
if duplicateColours(L) == True:
L.pop(len(L)-1)
print("Duplicate colours are not allowed in Beginner mode!")
print(L)
continue
print('Colour',cbsi,'is',inputColour)
print(L)
print()
break
print("Codemaker, your chosen code is",L,"keep it hidden from the Codebreaker!")
print()
print("!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!")
input("Press any key to scramble the screen!")
print("""
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""")
print("----")
return L
def checkGuess(L, mode):
D = {'W':'White','R':'Red','B':'Blue','Y':'Yellow','P':'Purple','O':'Orange','G':'Green','S':'Silver'}
for x in L:
if D.get(x) is None:
print("Your guess contains colours that aren't available, please try again")
return False
break
else:
if mode == "B":
if duplicateColours(L) == True:
print("Duplicate colours are not allowed in Beginner mode! Please try again")
return False
break
return True
def getGuess(guesses):
L2 = []
while True:
print()
playerGuess = input("Codebreaker, what is your guess? Enter 4 colours using the first letter of the colour as your input, separated by commas: ")
print()
L2 = str.upper(playerGuess).split(",")
if len(L2) != 4:
print("Your guess does not contain 4 colours")
print()
else:
if checkGuess(L2, mode) == True:
print("Guess #",guesses+1)
print(L2)
break
else:
pass
return L2
def guessCheck(L,L2):
D = {'W':'White','R':'Red','B':'Blue','Y':'Yellow','P':'Purple','O':'Orange','G':'Green','S':'Silver'}
Ly = ["*","*","*","*"]
Lt1 = L.copy()
Lt2 = L2.copy()
for y in range(len(L2)):
if L[y] == L2[y]:
Ly[y] = "X"
Lt1[y] = "*"
Lt2[y] = "*"
for y in range(len(L2)):
if D.get(Lt2[y]) is not None:
if Lt1.count(Lt2[y]) != 0:
Ly[y] = "O"
Lt1[Lt1.index(Lt2[y])] = "*"
Lt2[y] = "*"
return Ly
def playGame(guesses, currentPlayer):
print("""
Available colours:
White (W), Red (R), Blue (B), Yellow (Y), Purple (P), Orange (O), Green (G), Silver (S)
""")
codemakerScore = 0
for x in range(guesses):
L2 = getGuess(x)
Ly = guessCheck(L,L2)
print(Ly," Help: 'X' = correct colour and order, 'O' = correct colour, wrong order, '*' = incorrect guess")
codemakerScore += 1
if L2 == L:
print()
print("!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+")
print("Congratulations, Codebreaker! You cracked the code")
print("!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+!+")
print()
break
if x == int(guesses)-1:
print("Codebreaker... You failed to crack the code. The Codemaker was granted a bonus point")
codemakerScore += 1
print("The Codemaker",currentPlayer,"gained",codemakerScore,"points this round")
print()
return codemakerScore
def getCurrentPlayer(player1,player2,numberOfGames):
if int(numberOfGames) %2 ==0:
currentPlayer = player1
else:
currentPlayer = player2
return currentPlayer
def updatePlayerScores(currentPlayer,codemakerScore,player1Score,player2Score):
if currentPlayer == player1:
player1Score += codemakerScore
else:
player2Score += codemakerScore
return player1Score,player2Score
def getWinner(player1Score, player2Score):
if player1Score > player2Score:
return player1
if player1Score == player2Score:
return "Draw"
else:
return player2
#Main game code********************************************
player1, player2 = getPlayers()
mode = getMode()
difficulty, guesses = getDifficulty()
numberOfGames = getNumberOfGames()
player1Score = 0
player2Score = 0
for x in range(len(numberOfGames)+1):
print()
currentPlayer = getCurrentPlayer(player1,player2,x)
print()
print(currentPlayer,"is the Codemaker")
print()
L = getNewCode(mode)
print()
print("Current scores are: ",player1,"=",player1Score," / ",player2,"=",player2Score)
codemakerScore = playGame(guesses,currentPlayer)
player1Score, player2Score = updatePlayerScores(currentPlayer,codemakerScore,player1Score,player2Score)
print("Current scores are: ",player1,"=",player1Score," / ",player2,"=",player2Score)
input("Press any key to continue")
winner = getWinner(player1Score,player2Score)
print()
print("After",numberOfGames,"games, the winner is: ",winner,"!")
print()
print("The final scores were ",player1,"=",player1Score," / ",player2,"=",player2Score)
