I've already created a code in python here with almost the same logic:
Tic-Tac-Toe with changeable board size (Part 1)
Tic-Tac-Toe with changeable board size (Part 2)
Here's the code in C++. As I'm still a beginner in C++, I don't know many of the STL functions or such. Please help me on improving the code
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
class TicTacToe{
public:
vector<vector<char>> board{{'1', '2', '3'}, {'4', '5', '6'}, {'7', '8', '9'}};
vector<vector<char>> s_board{{' ', ' ', ' '}, {' ', ' ', ' '}, {' ', ' ', ' '}};
string player = "Player";
int s;
int start = 0;
char X = 'X';
char O = 'O';
int countWins(char p1, char p2){
int count = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
if(board[i][j] != p1 && board[i][j] != p2){
char c = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = p1;
if(win(p1) == 1)
count++;
board[i][j] = c;
}
}
}
return count;
}
void getInsaneAIMove(char ai, char pl, int x = 0, string name = ""){
srand(time(NULL));
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
if(board[i][j] != ai && board[i][j] != pl){
char c = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = ai;
if(win(ai) == 1 || tie() == 1){
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << i * 3 + j + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
board[i][j] = c;
}
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
if(board[i][j] != ai && board[i][j] != pl){
char c = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = pl;
if(win(pl) == 1 || tie() == 1){
board[i][j] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << i * 3 + j + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
board[i][j] = c;
}
}
}
vector<vector<int>> wins2;
int l = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
if(board[i][j] != ai && board[i][j] != pl){
char c = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = ai;
if(countWins(ai, pl) > 1){
l++;
vector<int> r{i, j};
wins2.push_back(r);
}
board[i][j] = c;
}
}
}
if(l){
vector<int> m = wins2[rand() % l];
board[m[0]][m[1]] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << m[0] * 3 + m[1] + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
if(board[1][1] == '5'){
board[1][1] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid 5\n";
return ;
}
int l1 = 0, l2 = 0;
vector<vector<int>> pos_edges{{0, 0}, {0, 2}, {2, 0}, {2, 2}};
vector<vector<int>> edges;
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
int x = pos_edges[i][0], y = pos_edges[i][1];
if(board[x][y] != ai && board[x][y] != pl){
edges.push_back(pos_edges[i]);
l1++;
}
}
if(l1){
vector<int> r = edges[rand() % l1];
board[r[0]][r[1]] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << r[0] * 3 + r[1] + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
vector<vector<int>> pos_middles{{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {1, 2}, {2, 1}};
vector<vector<int>> middles;
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
int x = pos_middles[i][0], y = pos_middles[i][1];
if(board[x][y] != ai && board[x][y] != pl){
middles.push_back(pos_middles[i]);
l2++;
}
}
vector<int> r = middles[rand() % l2];
board[r[0]][r[1]] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << r[0] * 3 + r[1] + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
void getHardAIMove(char ai, char pl, int x = 0, string name = ""){
srand(time(NULL));
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
if(board[i][j] != ai && board[i][j] != pl){
char c = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = ai;
if(win(ai) == 1 || tie() == 1){
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << i * 3 + j + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
board[i][j] = c;
}
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
if(board[i][j] != ai && board[i][j] != pl){
char c = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = pl;
if(win(pl) == 1 || tie() == 1){
board[i][j] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << i * 3 + j + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
board[i][j] = c;
}
}
}
int l = 0;
vector<vector<int>> possible{{0, 0}, {0, 2}, {2, 0}, {2, 2},
{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {1, 2}, {2, 1}};
vector<vector<int>> available;
for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++){
int x = possible[i][0], y = possible[i][1];
if(board[x][y] != ai && board[x][y] != pl){
available.push_back(possible[i]);
l++;
}
}
vector<int> r = available[rand() % l];
board[r[0]][r[1]] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << r[0] * 3 + r[1] + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
void getEasyAIMove(char ai, char pl, int x = 0, string name = ""){
srand(time(NULL));
int l = 0;
vector<vector<int>> possible{{0, 0}, {0, 2}, {2, 0}, {2, 2},
{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {1, 2}, {2, 1}};
vector<vector<int>> available;
for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++){
int x = possible[i][0], y = possible[i][1];
if(board[x][y] != ai && board[x][y] != pl){
available.push_back(possible[i]);
l++;
}
}
vector<int> r = available[rand() % l];
board[r[0]][r[1]] = ai;
if(x) cout << name << " Moved To Grid " << r[0] * 3 + r[1] + 1 << endl;
return ;
}
void getUserMove(char p1, char p2){
int g;
cout << "Please Enter Grid Number (1 - 9) : ";
cin >> g;
g -= 1;
int x = g / 3;
int y = g % 3;
if(board[x][y] == p1 || board[x][y] == p2){
cout << "Please Enter A Valid Move\n" << endl;
getUserMove(p1, p2);
return ;
}
cout << endl << player << " Moved To Grid " << g + 1;
board[x][y] = p1;
cout << "\n";
}
void getWin(char p){
bool r1 = board[0][0] == board[0][1] && board[0][1] == board[0][2] && board[0][0] == p;
bool r2 = board[1][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[1][2] && board[1][0] == p;
bool r3 = board[2][0] == board[2][1] && board[2][1] == board[2][2] && board[2][0] == p;
bool c1 = board[0][0] == board[1][0] && board[1][0] == board[2][0] && board[0][0] == p;
bool c2 = board[0][1] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][1] && board[0][1] == p;
bool c3 = board[0][2] == board[1][2] && board[1][2] == board[2][2] && board[0][2] == p;
bool d1 = board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[0][0] == p;
bool d2 = board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[0][2] == p;
if(r1 == 1) {s_board[0][0] = p; s_board[0][1] = p; s_board[0][2] = p;}
if(r2 == 1) {s_board[1][0] = p; s_board[1][1] = p; s_board[1][2] = p;}
if(r3 == 1) {s_board[2][0] = p; s_board[2][1] = p; s_board[2][2] = p;}
if(c1 == 1) {s_board[0][0] = p; s_board[1][0] = p; s_board[2][0] = p;}
if(c2 == 1) {s_board[0][1] = p; s_board[1][1] = p; s_board[2][1] = p;}
if(c3 == 1) {s_board[0][2] = p; s_board[1][2] = p; s_board[2][2] = p;}
if(d1 == 1) {s_board[0][0] = p; s_board[1][1] = p; s_board[2][2] = p;}
if(d2 == 1) {s_board[0][2] = p; s_board[1][1] = p; s_board[2][0] = p;}
}
void print1(){
cout << " | |\n";
cout << " " << board[0][0] << " | " << board[0][1] << " | " << board[0][2] << "\n";
cout << " | |\n";
cout << "---------------------\n";
cout << " | |\n";
cout << " " << board[1][0] << " | " << board[1][1] << " | " << board[1][2] << "\n";
cout << " | |\n";
cout << "---------------------\n";
cout << " | |\n";
cout << " " << board[2][0] << " | " << board[2][1] << " | " << board[2][2] << "\n";
cout << " | |\n";
cout << "\n";
}
void print2(){
cout << board[0][0] << " | " << board[0][1] << " | " << board[0][2] << "\n";
cout << "---------\n";
cout << board[1][0] << " | " << board[1][1] << " | " << board[1][2] << "\n";
cout << "---------\n";
cout << board[2][0] << " | " << board[2][1] << " | " << board[2][2] << "\n";
cout << "\n";
}
void printWin(char p){
getWin(p);
cout << s_board[0][0] << " | " << s_board[0][1] << " | " << s_board[0][2] << endl;
cout << "---------\n";
cout << s_board[1][0] << " | " << s_board[1][1] << " | " << s_board[1][2] << endl;
cout << "---------\n";
cout << s_board[2][0] << " | " << s_board[2][1] << " | " << s_board[2][2] << endl;
cout << endl;
}
string getRandomName(){
srand(time(NULL));
string names[250] = {
"Jacob", "Michael",
"Joshua", "Ethan", "Matthew", "Daniel",
"Christopher", "Andrew", "Anthony", "William",
"Joseph", "Alexander", "David", "Ryan",
"Noah", "James", "Nicholas", "Tyler",
"Logan", "John", "Christian", "Jonathan",
"Nathan", "Benjamin", "Samuel", "Dylan",
"Brandon", "Gabriel", "Elijah", "Aiden",
"Angel", "Jose", "Zachary", "Caleb",
"Jack", "Jackson", "Kevin", "Gavin",
"Mason", "Isaiah", "Austin", "Evan",
"Luke", "Aidan", "Justin", "Jordan",
"Robert", "Isaac", "Landon", "Jayden",
"Thomas", "Cameron", "Connor", "Hunter",
"Jason", "Diego", "Aaron", "Bryan",
"Owen", "Lucas", "Charles", "Juan",
"Luis", "Adrian", "Adam", "Julian",
"Alex", "Sean", "Nathaniel", "Carlos",
"Jeremiah", "Brian", "Hayden", "Jesus",
"Carter", "Sebastian", "Eric", "Xavier",
"Brayden", "Kyle", "Ian", "Wyatt",
"Chase", "Cole", "Dominic", "Tristan",
"Carson", "Jaden", "Miguel", "Steven",
"Caden", "Kaden", "Antonio", "Timothy",
"Henry", "Alejandro", "Blake", "Liam",
"Richard", "Devin", "Riley", "Jesse",
"Seth", "Victor", "Brady", "Cody",
"Jake", "Vincent", "Bryce", "Patrick",
"Colin", "Marcus", "Cooper", "Preston",
"Kaleb", "Parker", "Josiah", "Oscar",
"Ayden", "Jorge", "Ashton", "Alan",
"Jeremy", "Joel", "Trevor", "Eduardo",
"Ivan", "Kenneth", "Mark", "Alexis",
"Omar", "Cristian", "Colton", "Paul",
"Levi", "Damian", "Jared", "Garrett",
"Eli", "Nicolas", "Braden", "Tanner",
"Edward", "Conner", "Nolan", "Giovanni",
"Brody", "Micah", "Maxwell", "Malachi",
"Fernando", "Ricardo", "George", "Peyton",
"Grant", "Gage", "Francisco", "Edwin",
"Derek", "Max", "Andres", "Javier",
"Travis", "Manuel", "Stephen", "Emmanuel",
"Peter", "Cesar", "Shawn", "Jonah",
"Edgar", "Dakota", "Oliver", "Erick",
"Hector", "Bryson", "Johnathan", "Mario",
"Shane", "Jeffrey", "Collin", "Spencer",
"Abraham", "Leonardo", "Brendan", "Elias",
"Jace", "Bradley", "Erik", "Wesley",
"Jaylen", "Trenton", "Josue", "Raymond",
"Sergio", "Damien", "Devon", "Donovan",
"Dalton", "Martin", "Landen", "Miles",
"Israel", "Andy", "Drew", "Marco",
"Andre", "Gregory", "Roman", "Ty",
"Jaxon", "Avery", "Cayden", "Jaiden",
"Roberto", "Dominick", "Rafael", "Grayson",
"Pedro", "Calvin", "Camden", "Taylor",
"Dillon", "Braxton", "Keegan", "Clayton",
"Ruben", "Jalen", "Troy", "Kayden",
"Santiago", "Harrison", "Dawson", "Corey",
"Maddox", "Leo", "Johnny", "Kai",
"Drake", "Julio", "Lukas", "Kaiden",
"Zane", "Aden", "Frank", "Simon",
"Sawyer", "Marcos", "Hudson", "Trey"
};
string name = names[rand() % 250];
return name;
}
void help(){
system("CLS");
string option;
cout << "B for Back\n\n";
cout << "1.) Rules\n";
cout << "2.) Tips\n";
cout << "3.) About\n";
cout << "\nPlease Enter Your Option : "; cin >> option;
cout << endl;
system("CLS");
if(option == "b" || option == "B")
return ;
if(option == "1")
rules();
if(option == "2")
tips();
if(option == "3")
about();
system("pause");
system("CLS");
help();
}
void about(){
cout << "This Game Of Tic-Tac-Toe Is Created By Srivaths\n";
cout << "If You Are Unfamiliar With This Game, Please Read The Rules And Tips\n";
cout << "Enjoy!!\n\n";
}
void changeName(){
cout << "Please Enter Your Name : "; cin >> player;
}
void changeBoard(){
system("CLS");
cout << "B for Back\n\n";
cout << "1.)\n\n";
print1();
cout << "2.)\n\n";
print2();
cout << endl;
string option;
cout << "\nPlease Enter Your Option : "; cin >> option;
if(option == "b" || option == "B")
return ;
if(option == "1") s = 1;
if(option == "2") s = 2;
}
void changeColor(){
system("CLS");
string c = "color ";
string option;
cout << "B for Back\n\n";
cout << "1 = Blue\n";
cout << "2 = Green\n";
cout << "3 = Aqua\n";
cout << "4 = Red\n";
cout << "5 = Purple\n";
cout << "6 = Yellow\n";
cout << "7 = White\n";
cout << "8 = Gray\n";
cout << "9 = Light Blue\n";
cout << "A = Light Green\n";
cout << "B = Light Aqua\n";
cout << "C = Light Red\n";
cout << "D = Light Purple\n";
cout << "E = Light Yellow\n";
cout << "F = Bright White\n";
cout << "\nPlease Enter Your Option : "; cin >> option;
if(option == "b" || option == "B")
return ;
const char* x = (c + option).c_str();
system(x);
}
void changeCharacters(){
system("CLS");
cout << "Please Enter Character For Player 1 (currently " << X << ") : "; cin >> X;
cout << "Please Enter Character For Player 2 (currently " << O << ") : "; cin >> O;
}
void settings(){
system("CLS");
string option;
cout << "B for Back\n\n";
cout << "1.) Change Name\n";
cout << "2.) Change Board\n";
cout << "3.) Change Color\n";
cout << "4.) Change Characters\n";
cout << "\nPlease Enter Your Option : "; cin >> option;
if(option == "b" || option == "B")
return ;
if(option == "1") changeName();
if(option == "2") changeBoard();
if(option == "3") changeColor();
if(option == "4") changeCharacters();
system("CLS");
settings();
}
void main_menu(){
system("CLS");
string option;
if(start == 0){
intro();
start = 1;
main_menu();
return ;
}
cout << "Hello " << player << endl;
cout << "\nQ for Quit\n\n";
cout << "1.) Help\n";
cout << "2.) Settings\n";
cout << "3.) Play\n";
cout << "\nPlease Enter Your Option : "; cin >> option;
if(option == "1")
help();
if(option == "2")
settings();
if(option == "3"){
initialize();
play('X', 'O');
}
if(option == "q" || option == "Q"){
cout << "Thanks For Playing!\n";
return ;
}
system("CLS");
main_menu();
}
void rules(){
cout << "1.) In Tic-Tac-Toe, There Are 2 Players \n\tAnd Their Characters Are X and O respectively\n";
cout << "2.) Any Row Or Column or Diagonal Filled With The Same Characters Is A Win\n";
cout << "3.) A Board Where There Are No Moves Left Is A Tie Or Draw\n";
cout << "4.) You Are Not Allowed To Place Characters Over Another\n";
cout << endl;
}
void tips(){
cout << "1.) Always Try To Capture The Center\n";
cout << "2.) Next Try To Capture The Edges\n";
cout << "3.) Be Aware Of Instant Moves\n";
cout << "4.) Always Try To Think A Move Ahead\n";
cout << "5.) Try The Easy Bot To Get The Hang Of The Game\n";
cout << endl;
}
void intro(){
initialize();
cout << "Hello Player, ";
changeName();
cout << "\nHello " << player << ", ";
cout << "Welcome To The Game Of Tic-Tac-Toe!!\n";
string know;
cout << "Are You Familiar With The Game? (y / n) : "; cin >> know;
if(know == "n" || know == "N"){
cout << "\nFirst A Little Introduction To The Rules : \n\n";
rules();
cout << "\nNext A Few Tips : \n\n";
tips();
cout << "\nAnd That's ALL!!!\n\n";
system("pause");
cout << "\n\n";
}
cout << "\nPlease Pick Your Board Preference : \n\n";
cout << "1.)\n";
print1();
cout << "2.)\n\n";
print2();
cout << endl;
string option;
cout << "Please Enter Your Option : "; cin >> option;
if(option == "1") s = 1;
if(option == "2") s = 2;
cout << endl;
cout << "Change Characters Via [Main Menu -> Settings -> Change Characters]\n";
cout << endl;
cout << "Here You Must Try Your Luck Against Three Levels!!\n\n";
cout << "1.) Easy\n";
cout << "2.) Hard\n";
cout << "3.) Insane\n";
cout << endl;
cout << "Can YOU Beat Them ALL????\n";
cout << "Let's See....\n\n";
system("pause");
system("CLS");
}
void play(char p1, char p2){
system("CLS");
initialize();
srand(time(NULL));
string computer = getRandomName();
int level;
cout << "1.) Easy\n";
cout << "2.) Hard\n";
cout << "3.) Insane\n";
cout << endl;
cout << "Please Enter Level : "; cin >> level;
system("CLS");
while(computer == player){
computer = getRandomName();
}
cout << "\t\t" << player << " VS " << computer << "\n\n\n";
int c = rand() % 2;
char pl = p1, ai = p2;
if(c == 0){
ai = p1;
pl = p2;
cout << "\n" << computer << " Goes First!\n\n\n";
}
else {
cout << "\n" << player << " Goes First!\n\n\n";
if(s == 1) print1();
else print2();
}
int d = 0;
while(true){
int t = d % 2;
if(t == c){
if(level == 1) getEasyAIMove(ai, pl, 1, computer);
if(level == 2) getHardAIMove(ai, pl, 1, computer);
if(level == 3) getInsaneAIMove(ai, pl, 1, computer);
if(s == 1) print1();
else print2();
if(win(ai)){
cout << computer << " Wins!\n" << endl;
cout << "Below Is How " << computer << " Won\n\n";
printWin(ai);
break;
}
}
else {
getUserMove(pl, ai);
if(s == 1) print1();
else print2();
if(win(pl)){
cout << player << " Wins!\n";
cout << "Below Is How " << player << " Won\n\n";
printWin(pl);
break;
}
}
if(tie()){
cout << "Tie!\n";
break;
}
d += 1;
}
playAgain(p1, p2);
}
void initialize(){
board[0][0] = '1'; s_board[0][0] = ' ';
board[0][1] = '2'; s_board[0][1] = ' ';
board[0][2] = '3'; s_board[0][2] = ' ';
board[1][0] = '4'; s_board[1][0] = ' ';
board[1][1] = '5'; s_board[1][1] = ' ';
board[1][2] = '6'; s_board[1][2] = ' ';
board[2][0] = '7'; s_board[2][0] = ' ';
board[2][1] = '8'; s_board[2][1] = ' ';
board[2][2] = '9'; s_board[2][2] = ' ';
}
void playAgain(char p1, char p2){
cout << "\n";
string option;
cout << "Would You Like To Play Again? (y(yes) / n(no) / m(Main Menu) : "; cin >> option;
if(option == "y" || option == "Y")
play(p1, p2);
else if(option == "n" || option == "N")
return ;
else if(option == "m" || option == "M")
return ;
else {
cout << "\nPlease Enter a Valid Option";
playAgain(p1, p2);
}
}
bool win(char p){
bool r1 = board[0][0] == board[0][1] && board[0][1] == board[0][2] && board[0][0] == p;
bool r2 = board[1][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[1][2] && board[1][0] == p;
bool r3 = board[2][0] == board[2][1] && board[2][1] == board[2][2] && board[2][0] == p;
bool c1 = board[0][0] == board[1][0] && board[1][0] == board[2][0] && board[0][0] == p;
bool c2 = board[0][1] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][1] && board[0][1] == p;
bool c3 = board[0][2] == board[1][2] && board[1][2] == board[2][2] && board[0][2] == p;
bool d1 = board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[0][0] == p;
bool d2 = board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[0][2] == p;
return r1 || r2 || r3 || c1 || c2 || c3 || d1 || d2;
}
bool tie(){
bool c1 = board[0][0] != '1';
bool c2 = board[0][1] != '2';
bool c3 = board[0][2] != '3';
bool c4 = board[1][0] != '4';
bool c5 = board[1][1] != '5';
bool c6 = board[1][2] != '6';
bool c7 = board[2][0] != '7';
bool c8 = board[2][1] != '8';
bool c9 = board[2][2] != '9';
return c1 && c2 && c3 && c4 && c5 && c6 && c7 && c8 && c9;
}
};
int main()
{
TicTacToe game;
game.main_menu();
}
lis for the length \$\endgroup\$ – Sriv Nov 22 '19 at 13:45