I'm studying Object-oriented Programming and decided to apply some things doing an Object-oriented Tic-Tac-Toe.
I wanted to know if you have some hints of what to improve and why!
class Board:
"""Represents one board to a Tic-Tac-Toe game."""
def __init__(self):
"""Initializes a new board.
A board is a dictionary which the key is the position in the board
and the value can be 'X', 'O' or ' ' (representing an empty position
in the board.)"""
self.board = {
"TL": " ", "TM": " ", "TR": " ",
"ML": " ", "MM": " ", "MR": " ",
"BL": " ", "BM": " ", "BR": " "}
def print_board(self):
"""Prints the board."""
print(self.board["TL"] + "|" + self.board["TM"] \
+ "|" + self.board["TR"] + "|")
print("-+" * 3)
print(self.board["ML"] + "|" + self.board["MM"] \
+ "|" + self.board["MR"] + "|")
print("-+" * 3)
print(self.board["BL"] + "|" + self.board["BM"] \
+ "|" + self.board["BR"] + "|")
def _is_valid_move(self, position):
if self.board[position] is " ":
return True
return False
def change_board(self, position, type):
"""Receive a position and if the player is 'X' or 'O'.
Checks if the position is valid, modifies the board and returns the modified board.
Returns None if the move is not valid."""
if self._is_valid_move(position):
self.board[position] = type
return self.board
return None
def is_winner(self, player):
"""Returns True if the player won and False otherwise."""
if self.board["TL"] == player.type and self.board["TM"] == player.type and self.board["TR"] == player.type or \
self.board["ML"] == player.type and self.board["MM"] == player.type and self.board["MR"] == player.type or \
self.board["BL"] == player.type and self.board["BM"] == player.type and self.board["BR"] == player.type or \
self.board["TL"] == player.type and self.board["ML"] == player.type and self.board["BL"] == player.type or \
self.board["TM"] == player.type and self.board["MM"] == player.type and self.board["BM"] == player.type or \
self.board["TR"] == player.type and self.board["MR"] == player.type and self.board["BR"] == player.type or \
self.board["TL"] == player.type and self.board["MM"] == player.type and self.board["BR"] == player.type or \
self.board["BL"] == player.type and self.board["MM"] == player.type and self.board["TR"] == player.type:
return True
return False
class Player:
"""Represents one player."""
def __init__(self, type):
"""Initializes a player with type 'X' or 'O'."""
self.type = type
def __str__(self):
return "Player {}".format(self.type)
class Game:
"""Represents a Tic-Tac-Toe game.
The game defines player 1 always playing with 'X'."""
def __init__(self):
"""Initilize 2 Players and one Board."""
self.player1 = Player("X")
self.player2 = Player("O")
self.board = Board()
def print_valid_entries(self):
"""Prints the valid inputs to play the game."""
print("""
TL - top left | TM - top middle | TR - top right
ML - middle left | MM - center | MR - middle right
BL - bottom left | BM - bottom middle | BR - bottom right""")
def printing_board(self):
"""Prints the board."""
self.board.print_board()
def change_turn(self, player):
"""Changes the player turn.
Receives a player and returns the other."""
if player is self.player1:
return self.player2
else:
return self.player1
def won_game(self, player):
"""Returns True if the player won the game, False otherwise."""
return self.board.is_winner(player)
def modify_board(self, position, type):
"""Receives position and player type ('X' or 'O').
Returns modified board if position was valid.
Asks to player try a different position otherwise."""
if self.board.change_board(position, type) is not None:
return self.board.change_board(position, type)
else:
position = input("Not available position. Please, try again: ")
return self.board.change_board(position, type)
def play():
game = Game()
game.print_valid_entries()
player = game.player1
num = 9
while num > 0:
num -= 1
game.printing_board()
position = input("{} turn, what's your move? ".format(player))
game.modify_board(position, player.type)
if game.won_game(player):
print("{} is the Winner!".format(player))
break
else:
player = game.change_turn(player)
if num == 0:
print("Game over! It's a tie!")
if __name__ == "__main__":
play()
