README.md
Tetris game
I am working towards making a Tetris game where you can challenge an AI. Multiple parts have been finished, but a lot is still under construction. However I would like an intermediate review. The code I will post is a fully working 1 player Tetris game made with python3.6 & tkinter. If you are interested, Check the full github online.
Controls
- To change rotation of the current Piece w
- To move Left a
- To move Right d
- Hard drop (The piece will fall down instantly) s
Features
- See the next piece
- Hard drop
- Multiple rows cleared at once give more score
- [! Missing] Update in speed after certain amount of time/blocks
Code
#!/usr/bin/python3
from tkinter import Canvas, Label, Tk, StringVar, Button, LEFT
from random import choice, randint
class GameCanvas(Canvas):
def clean_line(self, boxes_to_delete):
for box in boxes_to_delete:
self.delete(box)
self.update()
def drop_boxes(self, boxes_to_drop):
for box in boxes_to_drop:
self.move(box, 0, Tetris.BOX_SIZE)
self.update()
def completed_lines(self, y_coords):
cleaned_lines = 0
y_coords = sorted(y_coords)
for y in y_coords:
if sum(1 for box in self.find_withtag('game') if self.coords(box)[3] == y) == \
((Tetris.GAME_WIDTH - 20) // Tetris.BOX_SIZE):
self.clean_line([box
for box in self.find_withtag('game')
if self.coords(box)[3] == y])
self.drop_boxes([box
for box in self.find_withtag('game')
if self.coords(box)[3] < y])
cleaned_lines += 1
return cleaned_lines
def game_board(self):
board = [[0] * ((Tetris.GAME_WIDTH - 20) // Tetris.BOX_SIZE)\
for _ in range(Tetris.GAME_HEIGHT // Tetris.BOX_SIZE)]
for box in self.find_withtag('game'):
x, y, _, _ = self.coords(box)
board[int(y // Tetris.BOX_SIZE)][int(x // Tetris.BOX_SIZE)] = 1
return board
def boxes(self):
return self.find_withtag('game') == self.find_withtag(fill="blue")
class Shape():
def __init__(self, coords = None):
if not coords:
self.__coords = choice(Tetris.SHAPES)
else:
self.__coords = coords
@property
def coords(self):
return self.__coords
def rotate(self):
self.__coords = self.__rotate()
def rotate_directions(self):
rotated = self.__rotate()
directions = [(rotated[i][0] - self.__coords[i][0],
rotated[i][1] - self.__coords[i][1]) for i in range(len(self.__coords))]
return directions
@property
def matrix(self):
return [[1 if (j, i) in self.__coords else 0 \
for j in range(max(self.__coords, key=lambda x: x[0])[0] + 1)] \
for i in range(max(self.__coords, key=lambda x: x[1])[1] + 1)]
def drop(self, board, offset):
# print("\n\n\n")
# print('\n'.join(''.join(map(str, b)) for b in board))
# print("\n\n\n")
off_x, off_y = offset
# print(off_x,off_y)
last_level = len(board) - len(self.matrix) + 1
for level in range(off_y, last_level):
for i in range(len(self.matrix)):
for j in range(len(self.matrix[0])):
if board[level+i][off_x+j] == 1 and self.matrix[i][j] == 1:
return level - 1
return last_level - 1
def __rotate(self):
max_x = max(self.__coords, key=lambda x:x[0])[0]
new_original = (max_x, 0)
rotated = [(new_original[0] - coord[1],
new_original[1] + coord[0]) for coord in self.__coords]
min_x = min(rotated, key=lambda x:x[0])[0]
min_y = min(rotated, key=lambda x:x[1])[1]
return [(coord[0] - min_x, coord[1] - min_y) for coord in rotated]
class Piece():
def __init__(self, canvas, start_point, shape = None):
self.__shape = shape
if not shape:
self.__shape = Shape()
self.canvas = canvas
self.boxes = self.__create_boxes(start_point)
@property
def shape(self):
return self.__shape
def move(self, direction):
if all(self.__can_move(self.canvas.coords(box), direction) for box in self.boxes):
x, y = direction
for box in self.boxes:
self.canvas.move(box,
x * Tetris.BOX_SIZE,
y * Tetris.BOX_SIZE)
return True
return False
def rotate(self):
directions = self.__shape.rotate_directions()
if all(self.__can_move(self.canvas.coords(self.boxes[i]), directions[i]) for i in range(len(self.boxes))):
self.__shape.rotate()
for i in range(len(self.boxes)):
x, y = directions[i]
self.canvas.move(self.boxes[i],
x * Tetris.BOX_SIZE,
y * Tetris.BOX_SIZE)
@property
def offset(self):
return (min(int(self.canvas.coords(box)[0]) // Tetris.BOX_SIZE for box in self.boxes),
min(int(self.canvas.coords(box)[1]) // Tetris.BOX_SIZE for box in self.boxes))
def predict_movement(self, board):
level = self.__shape.drop(board, self.offset)
min_y = min([self.canvas.coords(box)[1] for box in self.boxes])
return (0, level - (min_y // Tetris.BOX_SIZE))
def predict_drop(self, board):
level = self.__shape.drop(board, self.offset)
self.remove_predicts()
min_y = min([self.canvas.coords(box)[1] for box in self.boxes])
for box in self.boxes:
x1, y1, x2, y2 = self.canvas.coords(box)
box = self.canvas.create_rectangle(x1,
level * Tetris.BOX_SIZE + (y1 - min_y),
x2,
(level + 1) * Tetris.BOX_SIZE + (y1 - min_y),
fill="yellow",
tags = "predict")
def remove_predicts(self):
for i in self.canvas.find_withtag('predict'):
self.canvas.delete(i)
self.canvas.update()
def __create_boxes(self, start_point):
boxes = []
off_x, off_y = start_point
for coord in self.__shape.coords:
x, y = coord
box = self.canvas.create_rectangle(x * Tetris.BOX_SIZE + off_x,
y * Tetris.BOX_SIZE + off_y,
x * Tetris.BOX_SIZE + Tetris.BOX_SIZE + off_x,
y * Tetris.BOX_SIZE + Tetris.BOX_SIZE + off_y,
fill="blue",
tags="game")
boxes += [box]
return boxes
def __can_move(self, box_coords, new_pos):
x, y = new_pos
x = x * Tetris.BOX_SIZE
y = y * Tetris.BOX_SIZE
x_left, y_up, x_right, y_down = box_coords
overlap = set(self.canvas.find_overlapping((x_left + x_right) / 2 + x,
(y_up + y_down) / 2 + y,
(x_left + x_right) / 2 + x,
(y_up + y_down) / 2 + y))
other_items = set(self.canvas.find_withtag('game')) - set(self.boxes)
if y_down + y > Tetris.GAME_HEIGHT or \
x_left + x < 0 or \
x_right + x > Tetris.GAME_WIDTH or \
overlap & other_items:
# print("y_down + y > Tetris.GAME_HEIGHT : {}".format(y_down + y > Tetris.GAME_HEIGHT))
# print("x_left + x < 0 : {}".format(x_left + x < 0))
# print("x_right + x > Tetris.GAME_WIDTH : {}".format(x_right + x > Tetris.GAME_WIDTH))
# print("overlap & other_items : {}".format(overlap & other_items))
return False
return True
class Tetris():
SHAPES = ([(0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)], # Square
[(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (3, 0)], # Line
[(2, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1)], # Right L
[(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1)], # Left L
[(0, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0), (2, 0)], # Right Z
[(0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 1)], # Left Z
[(1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (2, 1)]) # T
BOX_SIZE = 20
GAME_WIDTH = 300
GAME_HEIGHT = 500
GAME_START_POINT = GAME_WIDTH / 2 / BOX_SIZE * BOX_SIZE - BOX_SIZE
def __init__(self, predictable = False):
self._level = 1
self._score = 0
self._blockcount = 0
self.speed = 500
self.predictable = predictable
self.root = Tk()
self.root.geometry("500x550")
self.root.title('Tetris')
self.root.bind("<Key>", self.game_control)
self.__game_canvas()
self.__level_score_label()
self.__next_piece_canvas()
def game_control(self, event):
if event.char in ["a", "A", "\uf702"]:
self.current_piece.move((-1, 0))
self.update_predict()
elif event.char in ["d", "D", "\uf703"]:
self.current_piece.move((1, 0))
self.update_predict()
elif event.char in ["s", "S", "\uf701"]:
self.hard_drop()
elif event.char in ["w", "W", "\uf700"]:
self.current_piece.rotate()
self.update_predict()
def new_game(self):
self.level = 1
self.score = 0
self.blockcount = 0
self.speed = 500
self.canvas.delete("all")
self.next_canvas.delete("all")
self.__draw_canvas_frame()
self.__draw_next_canvas_frame()
self.current_piece = None
self.next_piece = None
self.game_board = [[0] * ((Tetris.GAME_WIDTH - 20) // Tetris.BOX_SIZE)\
for _ in range(Tetris.GAME_HEIGHT // Tetris.BOX_SIZE)]
self.update_piece()
def update_piece(self):
if not self.next_piece:
self.next_piece = Piece(self.next_canvas, (20,20))
self.current_piece = Piece(self.canvas, (Tetris.GAME_START_POINT, 0), self.next_piece.shape)
self.next_canvas.delete("all")
self.__draw_next_canvas_frame()
self.next_piece = Piece(self.next_canvas, (20,20))
self.update_predict()
def start(self):
self.new_game()
self.root.after(self.speed, None)
self.drop()
self.root.mainloop()
def drop(self):
if not self.current_piece.move((0,1)):
self.current_piece.remove_predicts()
self.completed_lines()
self.game_board = self.canvas.game_board()
self.update_piece()
if self.is_game_over():
return
else:
self._blockcount += 1
self.score += 1
self.root.after(self.speed, self.drop)
def hard_drop(self):
self.current_piece.move(self.current_piece.predict_movement(self.game_board))
def update_predict(self):
if self.predictable:
self.current_piece.predict_drop(self.game_board)
def update_status(self):
self.status_var.set(f"Level: {self.level}, Score: {self.score}")
self.status.update()
def is_game_over(self):
if not self.current_piece.move((0,1)):
self.play_again_btn = Button(self.root, text="Play Again", command=self.play_again)
self.quit_btn = Button(self.root, text="Quit", command=self.quit)
self.play_again_btn.place(x = Tetris.GAME_WIDTH + 10, y = 200, width=100, height=25)
self.quit_btn.place(x = Tetris.GAME_WIDTH + 10, y = 300, width=100, height=25)
return True
return False
def play_again(self):
self.play_again_btn.destroy()
self.quit_btn.destroy()
self.start()
def quit(self):
self.root.quit()
def completed_lines(self):
y_coords = [self.canvas.coords(box)[3] for box in self.current_piece.boxes]
completed_line = self.canvas.completed_lines(y_coords)
if completed_line == 1:
self.score += 400
elif completed_line == 2:
self.score += 1000
elif completed_line == 3:
self.score += 3000
elif completed_line >= 4:
self.score += 12000
def __game_canvas(self):
self.canvas = GameCanvas(self.root,
width = Tetris.GAME_WIDTH,
height = Tetris.GAME_HEIGHT)
self.canvas.pack(padx=5 , pady=10, side=LEFT)
def __level_score_label(self):
self.status_var = StringVar()
self.status = Label(self.root,
textvariable=self.status_var,
font=("Helvetica", 10, "bold"))
#self.status.place(x = Tetris.GAME_WIDTH + 10, y = 100, width=100, height=25)
self.status.pack()
def __next_piece_canvas(self):
self.next_canvas = Canvas(self.root,
width = 100,
height = 100)
self.next_canvas.pack(padx=5 , pady=10)
def __draw_canvas_frame(self):
self.canvas.create_line(10, 0, 10, self.GAME_HEIGHT, fill = "red", tags = "line")
self.canvas.create_line(self.GAME_WIDTH-10, 0, self.GAME_WIDTH-10, self.GAME_HEIGHT, fill = "red", tags = "line")
self.canvas.create_line(10, self.GAME_HEIGHT, self.GAME_WIDTH-10, self.GAME_HEIGHT, fill = "red", tags = "line")
def __draw_next_canvas_frame(self):
self.next_canvas.create_rectangle(10, 10, 90, 90, tags="frame")
#set & get
def __get_level(self):
return self._level
def __set_level(self, level):
self.speed = 500 - (level - 1) * 25
self._level = level
self.update_status()
def __get_score(self):
return self._score
def __set_score(self, score):
self._score = score
self.update_status()
def __get_blockcount(self):
return self._blockcount
def __set_blockcount(self, blockcount):
self.level = blockcount // 5 + 1
self._blockcount = blockcount
level = property(__get_level, __set_level)
score = property(__get_score, __set_score)
blockcount = property(__get_blockcount, __set_blockcount)
if __name__ == '__main__':
game = Tetris(predictable = True)
game.start()
